Religion And The American Colonies - 2143 Words

It is a fairly well known fact that the colonization of the New World in general, and more specifically, what would become eventually become the United States of America, was heavily based upon commercial endeavors. However, it was also heavily influenced by the desire of people to possess and preserve religious independence. Placing the potential for commercial success aside and focusing on the religious aspects of colonization, the proliferation of various religions over the course of colonial history is quite extensive and, by proxy, its’ influence upon developing colonial societies was far-reaching. Because of the historical significance of many different religions throughout the colonies, it would also suggest that religious diversity was likely equally impactful in eliciting change. All of this leads this author to speculate about how much influence religion had upon colonial upheaval over time and whether or not the ensuing dissent was a major factor in the lead up to The French and Indian War and eventual revolution of the American colonies. To uncover the significance and role religion played in the American colonies, a number of different articles were reviewed, each representing different perspectives, points of view, and empirical evidence about religion in colonial America. Religion throughout Colonial America To begin with, religious worship in Colonial America was as diverse as the various colonies themselves; different geographical landscapes and aShow MoreRelatedEconomics vs Religion American Colonies1043 Words   |  5 PagesEconomics over Religion Throughout history there have been two leading factors that lead a colony to success. These two factors are religion and economics or money. Which factor is more important? In my opinion, economics is more important because the colonists had many issues getting necessities, and if they had enough money for all that, their problems would all basically be gone. Economic stability and the success of the mercantile system made the establishment of the colonies in North AmericaRead MoreThe Great Awakening and its Impact on the Religion of the American Colonies623 Words   |  3 PagesReligion has been around since the discovery of America. Many European immigrants came to America to escape the traditions of the Church of England. The people wanted religious freedom. Most, however, tried to force their religious beliefs on the people who came to settle in their colonies creating a divide. It wasn’t until The Great Awakening, which started in the New England colonies, occurred t hat people rose up and revolted against the norms of religion and began to worship the way they wantedRead MoreDifferences Between New England And Spanish Colonies951 Words   |  4 PagesThe New England and Spanish Colonies In a time when numerous countries were beginning to explore the new and exciting land of North America during the Age of Exploration, and groups of people from England and Spain were fleeing their home countries either for religious freedom or wealth, vast and civilized colonies began to form all throughout the New World. It is in this context that the colonies founded by the English and the Spanish began to develop and grow. There was a significant differenceRead MoreThe American Of The United States1484 Words   |  6 PagesThe American colonies were established for an abundance of reasons, including important English themes. Of these themes, religion, economics, and government are the most essential. People wanted to seek refuge, religious freedom, and economic opportunity. These three themes established the American Dream. Not only did the colonists want this life, they also wanted to have a stable, progressive government, unlike that under the King of England. Many of the colonies, such as MassachusettsRead MoreAPUSH Essay 1 British North America Religous Tolerance896 Words   |  4 Pagesï » ¿Evaluate the extent to which religious toleration in the British North American colonies maintained continuity as well as fostered changed from 1607-1700. Prior to the founding of the Massachusetts Bay colony in 1630 religion had not played a large part in the politics and development of the British North American colonies. The first settlers who established Jamestown in 1607 were looking for riches similar to those found by the Spanish in Central America. After finding no treasure and on the brinkRead MoreThe English Colonization And Settlement Essay1113 Words   |  5 PagesWorld (North America) that would eventually end up with thirteen colonies for the English. How did the English colonization and settlement in the Chesapeake and southern colonies differ from that in New England? What factors motivated people to settle in the different regions? What effect did the English Protestant Reformation in the mid-1500s have on the desire of Englishmen to migrate to the New World? [Hint: the New England colonies.] How did the desire for freedom of worship (religious freedom)Read MoreNative Americans And The United States991 Words   |   4 PagesThe United States as we know it, since its beginning has been based on immigration. Native Americans traveled during the Ice Age through the Bering Strait and English settlers sailed the Atlantic. Due to unknown reasons, most of the Native societies except for the Aztecs collapse before the arrival of the Europeans, which gives shine to the English settlements since their attainment set the roots of our society today. More importantly, it should be recognized the diverse cultures of English settlersRead MoreReligion Has Been A Major Force In The History Of The United1104 Words   |  5 PagesReligion has been a major force in the history of the United States and in settling the colonies of America in many ways. Religion was definitely one of the major reasons for the founding of the colonies. The early colonists wanted the freedom to worship God as they had seen as proper, and they were promised this freedom of worship. Most of these colonies were deeply rooted in their r eligious beliefs. Religion was a powerful influence on the social and political life of the colonial times inRead MoreReligion Has Played An Important Role In The History Of1108 Words   |  5 Pages Religion has played an important role in the history of the United States and in creating the colonies of the New World in many ways. Religion was definitely one of the major reasons for the establishment of the colonies. The early colonists wanted the freedom to worship God as they seen as proper, and they were promised this freedom of worship. Most of these colonies were deeply rooted in their religious beliefs. Religion strongly influenced the social and political life of the colonial timesRead MoreSociety of Colonial America Essay1247 Words   |  5 Pageshas been slowly incorporating in their society with the European settlers who have migrated to the country and governments claiming colonies in each part of the continent. Due to the variety of cultures that have now mixed i n the country, there have been many particular elements or legacies which have left a mark in the country and are continuously seen today in American culture. The time period is also considered America’s development period as it is slowly grasping its own heritage and discovering

The Effects Of Climate Change On Southeast Florida

The effects of climate change may already be influencing weather patterns in southeast Florida. If temperatures rise, it is to expect that Florida’s climate zones will migrate northward, and zones of more tropical climate will enlarge, but the opposite has been the case despite record temperatures in the state because, while temperatures are higher, extremes are greater. As a result of sea level rise, coastal areas will see migration of seawater into fresh aquifers that will threaten the availability of fresh water supplies, however, the way groundwater works, the rise in sea level will be accompanied by an increase in groundwater levels. Southeast Florida has developed only by reducing groundwater levels. Rising seas also mean rising groundwater, so more intense rainfall will increase the risk of flooding (Bloetscher, Heimlich, Meeroff 2011). The KOA campground in Okeechobee, Florida, is at risk for this natural disaster. This particular KOA location has a large annual occup ancy, which correlates with a busy tourist season. Furthermore, the demand for drive tourism, however, is subject to an excess of ‘decision criteria’ including price, time, and infrastructure offerings during and at the destination point (Fjelstul Fyall, 2015). Trends and Projections of Weather Events and Climatic Variability According to the IPCC (2013) observed changes in the global climate system have been warming since the 1950s and many of those changes over decades to millennia have neverShow MoreRelatedGlobal Warming Essay1403 Words   |  6 Pagesgreenhouse gasses slowly warm the Earth’s atmosphere (â€Å"EPA Global†). This gradual process is known as global warming. As glaciers begin to melt, sea levels rise and coastal areas in Florida may suffer immense losses (â€Å"Beach Erosion†). Florida’s tourist economy may also suffer a tremendous loss, as well as agriculture (â€Å"Florida Scientists†). With a warmer atmosphere, disease will spread quicker and human health will be threatened throughout the state (â€Å"Global Warming†). Serious action needs to be takenRead MoreThe Problem Of Climate Change1075 Words   |  5 Pageswarfare happens it is a huge reason we have lost. According to the fermi paradox we either pass this wall (barrier) or not. I have my conclusion of why we will fail, it is because humans are selfish, hard headed, fool mined incompetent beings. Climate change is the barrier that we don t really have any research on. El ninos and la ninas are the cause. To know El Nià ±o, you need to know the intercoarse between the ocean and the atmosphere. Warm ocean surface water currents heats and adds moistnessRead MoreDescription Of A Virtual Meteorological1604 Words   |  7 Pages Give a definition of climate: The weather conditions in an area over a long period of time. What do the red lines along the edge represent? What do the blue lines along the edge represent? The red lines along the edge represent the warm air rising, and the blue lines along the edge represent the cold air falling. What is the Coriolis Effect? When air undergoes a deflection from it’s path, and it is a result of earth’s rotation. Which way does the Coriolis Effect bend the winds in the NorthernRead MoreThe Alarming and Troublesome Global Warming Issue 1407 Words   |  6 Pages Global warming has been one of the most challenging problems our society has encountered and people dont acknowledge that our climate change is becoming worse as the time goes by. Climate change which is said to be the regular or ordinary weather in an environment consists of patterns like seasons and temperature. Climate patterns play such an important role in constructing an essential ecosystem, human economies and cultures that rely on them has raised the surface of the worlds oceans in recentRead MoreBurmese Pythons in the Everglades1599 Words   |  7 Pagesenthralled by the odd match-up, but to scientists, it was a sign of what could be a very serious problem. The fight between an American alligator and a Burmese Python is unusual, and pretty intriguing, because the Burmese Python is not native to Florida. In fact, people barely noticed they were there until the early 1990s. The accidental introduction of an invasive species to an ecosystem can be absolutely devastating. They can wipe out other species, destroy habitats, and throw the whole systemRead MoreThe Effects Of Climate Change On The North Atlantic Region Essay1368 Words   |  6 Pages1.0 Introduction Climate change has progressively become more problematic for coastal societies in recent history as a result of elevated greenhouse gas emission levels across the planet. Increases in sea level and sea surface temperature, as well as atmospheric pressure accretion, are unnatural effects directly linked to increased carbon dioxide (CO2) release into the atmosphere. Some of the sources of these increases have come from the greater use of coal and gasoline for industrialRead MoreGlobal Climate Change Essay1531 Words   |  7 PagesGlobal Climate Change Climate change is not a new concept; in fact there is evidence of major climate changes throughout the earths history. However since the industrial revolution and especially since world war two, there has been an unprecedented change in the earths atmosphere (Gates 4). As of March 1999, scientists reported the construction of a thousand-year record of the average temperature on earth. The results of their study concluded that a nine hundred-year cooling trend hasRead MoreGlobal Warming : Causes And Effects1206 Words   |  5 Pagesmost current and widely discussed factors. It has been impacting us negatively in ways such as biodiversity and climate conditions. Several current trends clearly demonstrate that global warming is directly impacting on rising sea levels, the melting of ice caps and significant worldwide climate changes. Over the years, scientists have conducted experiments to understand the causes and effects of global warming and they have searched for solutions. The y have warned others about the dangers of pollutionRead MoreGlobal Warming : Climate Change1592 Words   |  7 PagesEarths climate. Nowadays, Global Warming is a hot topic and one of the critical environmental issues facing the world. Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) definition for climate change is: â€Å"Climate change in IPCC usage refers to a change in the state of the climate that can be identified (e.g. using statistical tests) by changes in the mean and/or the variability of its properties, and that persists for an extended period, typically decades or longer. It refers to any change in climateRead MoreThe Causes and Roles of Ocean Currents1289 Words   |  5 Pagesit marks the path of the currents, distinguishing the areas of the oceans with different temperatures. The ocean currents play a very important role in the transfer of heat from the tropics to the Polar Regions, exerting a function of mitigating climate. In fact, while carrying warm water from low to high latitudes, the temperature of the atmosphere rises, because of the heat coming from the water. An example is that during the winter the Norwegian ports are ice-free, because the warm Gulf Stream

Organisational Culture Success or Failure of a Firm

Question: Discuss about theOrganisational Culturefor Success or Failure of a Firm. Answer: Introduction Two journals were selected on organisational culture and climate, a paper titled Impact of organisational culture upon organisational performance and a paper purely on organisational climate and culture. The papers were discussed vividly below base on their practical implication to managers; and at the end reflected with learning experiences. Overview of Organisational Change and Culture Organisational culture can be defined as the behaviour, attitude, tradition and beliefs of an organisation. It describes the relationship between the managers-workers relationship, the relationship between organisation and the rest of the world. It defines the core objectives of an organisation. Organisational climate and organisational change are two different concepts. According to Ostroff et al, (2003) organisational climate is the art of having same view with regards to policies, practices and procedures experienced by employees and the expected behaviour in the process of remuneration. Hofstede (1980a) and schein (1990) defines organisational culture as a social phenomenon which include dress code, behaviour, beliefs, rituals which aims at defining the norms of an organisation. Shahzad et al. (2012) Impact of organizational culture on organizational performance: an overview deals with the analysis pertaining to the effects of organisational culture upon the performance in light of changing dynamics in the atmosphere that the organisation remains in. Moreover, the different sets of responsibilities of management towards implementing policies fostering organisational goals has been evaluated in light of organisational climate prevalent. The authors have taken into account the different sets of organisational cultures comprising of counter culture, sub culture, strong and weak culture in order to facilitate segmentation and evaluation of organisational performance. The second aspect is the development of the research on focused climate i.e. issue that has to do with leadership and supervisory style. Researcher have also raised a question regarding the implications of observing variability in consensus within the units or organisations being studied; this question have to do with climate strength and the impact of it differences. The inconsistency of policies and procedures result to a weak climate likewise climate strength will result to smooth relationship between climate and outcome. It was gathered that the less consensus among bank employees the higher the variability in customer perception with regards to customer service. Culture has its origin in anthropology and has been used on writing about organisation. The idea of organisational culture lies on the idea of inculcating beliefs, rituals, myths and ideology into the study of organisation. It dealt with how employees of an organisation share meaning and the basic assumption that guide the organisation functions. Methodologically, researchers used qualitative method of analysis in this research, there is no standard way on how culture should be studied, every of its definition have a contrary view. The second paper delves on culture and climate in human service organisations. The diffusion of innovation postulates that implementation of technological process is a social technical process. The relationship between organisation technology and social value is the basis for the effects of culture and climate, like workers attitude towards work. The social context will help on how a process will be selected, executed and implemented and its capability towards problem solving. The effectiveness of the social context lies with the choice and approach. Human service technology is required in an organisational context. Additionally, diffusion of innovation impact of culture have significant role on the implementation of new human service technology. Culture and climate serves as a medium of response between service provider and service recipients. Theoretical learning theory, expectancy theory, and cognitive processing models are one of the theoretical frameworks in studying culture. Succinctly, new employees are taught how to interact, behave and observe the activities within an organisation and the resultant consequence or punishment or reward of violating any norm of the organisation. The beliefs and expectations are used as proxies in quantifying research in organisational culture; this include description of normative behaviour and expectations, it is studied at an individual level and weight are assigned to each individual and at the end an aggregate quantitative value is driven. Nevertheless, qualitative method of research is also used; it goes to the extent that some scholars believe a combination of quantitative and qualitative should be combined together in a research. For example, a study of emergency room culture and climate can adopt both quantitative method of analysis. But the critics in adopting this kind of nested research is the energy and resources required. For example, in the emergency room research qualitative method include focus group, open ended questions and field work. This is in addition to numerous hours required in observing and conducting the interview, considerable time is required in designing and organising the way of gathering the required information as well as organising the information after gathering. Organisational culture also affects technical aspect of service. A research by Glisson (1996) reveals that children place in custody has more access to health facilities and service dissemination than is expected. Effect of Components of Organisational Cultures uponitsPerformance: The aims and objectives of a research determines the research design formulation; for example the interest of a researcher might be to study the direct and indirect impact of culture and/or climate to the implementation of new intervention. While another researcher might be interested in the effect of organisational culture and or climate in the process of exploring new intervention in a constant sense. In terms of derivation of different sets of metrics in order to delve into the effect on individual outcomes (such as turnover rate) by the shifts in organisational policies, the evaluations are to be made on an individual level. From the view of an organisational researcher a large sample size increases the reliability and the authenticity of the result in making generalisations and forecasting. With enough sample size, a priori hypothesis, theoretical foundation and statistical strength of using control variables, a plausible relationship between organisational culture and organisational climate and service outcome can be achieved. Another approach is to include measures of organisational culture and climate directly in the analysis of outcomes from a given sample, this allows the effects of culture and climate to be controlled. Organisational culture is an avenue of social context that welcomes or rejects new method in an organisation, reject or accept the required activity for success and stick or change the protocol that compose the organisations core technology. The use of interpretive schemes and the process of valuation is the theoretical foundations for organisational climate, individual are accessed on what is their personal benefit. Moreover, it is of due importance whether the job has increased their level of standard or welfare. The evaluation is conducted through value engendered schemes, an example of this is an open discussion forum of the encountered errors and the prefer solution to ambiguous and potentially threatening events. In this process an individual can subsequent perception of this work environment. Individual nature of psychological climate differs. However, through interaction and open discussion with other employees, an employee can understand the impact of their work environment, the aggregation of the process is termed as organisational climate. Shahzad et al. (2012) Impact of organizational culture on organizational performance: an overview entails analysing the existing sets of organisational cultures in light of various theories and concepts derived on the performance and culture of an organisation. The paper concludes that the alignment or similarity between the norms and the values between the employees and that of the organisation can facilitate better organisational performance. Moreover, Shahzad et al. (2012) concluded that in terms of providing services, organisational culture can determine the degree of satisfaction derived by the consumers. This is owing to the fact that the interlink between the service quality, staff turnover and employee motivation determines the degree of organisational performance. Organisational Culture as Driver for Competitive Advantage Leaders are confronted with the problem of coming up with organisational feature and maintaining that, organisational culture is the important engine that improve performance and competitive advantage and how to excel in a contemporary competitive market. Moreover, through providing an atmosphere which is conducive to competition thereby improving the ability of the company towards gaining competitive advantage. Ethical failure arose as a result of the inability of managers to give special attention to organisational culture even though they conceive it as a powerful tool that can create and sustain performance, ethical failure can be also trace to organisational failure in the management in the process of promoting ethical ideas and practice. Organisations with a well defined functional cultures showcases a greater competency towards mitigating business risks. This can be through reducing the response time towards different sets of adverse business conditions such as product or serv ice launch by competitors etc. Relationship Between Organisational Culture and Job Satisfaction Organisation culture tends to provide a sense of identity amongst the employees of the organisation. Organisational culture tends to aggravate the degree of motivation and performance that an employee tends to provide. The influence of organisational culture on its employees is all encompassing in the sense that it determines the degree of complexity in each profile of the organisation, the quantum of ambiguity faced by the employee. Organisational cultures that foster positivity can in turn generate better performances from its employees. On the other hand, non alignment of values laid down by a particular organisations culture with that of its employee can result in a scenario whereby there are instances of value clash. The dysfunctional culture occurring out of such non alignment of value can in turn result in underperformance of employees coupled with lessening of job satisfaction. A strong culture in an organisation has a common objectives for its employees and this help in the process of achieving overall organisational goals and objectives. Excellent job satisfaction can be attained at when employees compete with one another in accomplishment of a task. Summary Four articles were reviewed with different titles, method and objectives, but the main important and common feature of the articles is that they try to point out the significance of organisational climate and organisational culture in an organisation, most of the ethical failures in an organisation is as a result of the managers negligence to the organisational culture and climate. In todays contemporary and competitive economic environment there is the immense need of organisations to improve on organisational culture and organisational climate so as to achieve the overall objective of the organisation. Practical Implications for Managers From the review of the related articles there is a lot for mangers to learn in order to achieve organisational goal. In order to enhance the organisational performance, managers needs to ensure that the organisational culture is conducive to dynamism and competition. Moreover, the managers requires to pursue a holistic approach towards maintenance of organisational culture through implementing policies that tends to reinforce core organisational objectives and values. There is a clear positive relationship between organisational culture leadership behaviour and job satisfaction, this is evident in having a strong culture in organisation. Administrators alter their leadership style in order to achieve organisational goal and this has a direct effect on employees job satisfaction. Reflection on Learning about this Topic from Articles and Lectures From the papers reviewed and the various lectures and tutorials attended on organisational behaviour and management I have derived certain inferences. I have come to a practical and convincing understanding of how organisational culture and organisational climate research can be conducted using various theoretical foundation and statistical analysis. It has also become clearer as to the impact of organisational culture and climate on organisational goal, most importantly effective and efficient service delivery. Conclusion The above stated journals delves into the different aspects of organisational cultures in order to facilitate a thorough evaluation of its impact upon organisations performance, employee performances, quantum of job satisfaction and competitive advantage. A synchronised organisational culture with higher degree of alignment with employee values tends to showcase better sets of performance as compared to one with lesser amount of similarity with employee values. Moreover, an organisational culture has to remain dynamic in nature in order to acclimatise with changes in business environment, the degree of competition along with shifts in organisational landscape. References and Bibliography: Boniface, C. Madu, (2011). Organization Culture as Driver of Competitive Advantage Journal of Academic and Business ethics, pp.89-12 Bruce, M. Tharp, (2006). Defining Culture and Organizational Culture: From Anthropology to the Office- Howarth publishers Jesus, P.Zipp, and Genevieve, (2008). Leadership Organizational Culture Relationship in Nursing Units of Acute Care Hospitals. Nursing Economic.26(1) Denison, and Mishra, AK.(1995). Toward a Theory of Organizational Culture and Effectiveness. Organization Science.;6:204223. Hemmelgarn, L. (2006). Organisational Culture and Climate: Implication for Services and Intervention Reserch Clinical Psychology ; Science and Practice VISNI Spring pp. 222 17 Kotler, P Keller, K. L. (2006). Marketing Management. 12th ed.. Prentice-Hall: Upper Saddle Lund,and Daulatram, B. (2003). Organizational Culture and Job Satisfaction. Journal of Business Industrial Marketing. 18(3):219236. Pfau, B. N., Kay, I. T. (2002). Theories of Executive Human Resource Management. McGraw-Hill. Review, 72(2). River, New Jersey, and Paine, L. S. (1994). Managing Organizational Integrity. Harvard Business Schneider, B., Ehrhart, M.G. and Macey, W.H., 2013. Organizational climate and culture.Annual review of psychology,64, pp.361-388. Scott-Findlay Shannon, Estabrooks Carole, A. (2006) Mapping the Organizational Culture Research in Nursing. Journal of Advanced Nursing. 2006;56(5) Shahzad, F., Luqman, R.A., Khan, A.R. and Shabbir, L., 2012. Impact of organizational culture on organizational performance: an overview.Interdisciplinary journal of contemporary research in business,3(9), p.975. Vukonjanski, J. and NIKOLI?, M., 2013. Organizational culture and job satisfaction: The effects of company's ownership structure.Journal of Engineering Management and Competitiveness,3(2), pp.41-49. Yafang, T. (2011) Relationship between Organizational Culture, Leadership Behavior and Job Satisfaction - BMC Health Serv Res.